Which type of enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of proteins?

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Study for the Leaving Certificate Biology Test. Prepare with flashcards and multiple-choice questions. Each question includes hints and explanations to enhance learning. Get ready to excel in your exam!

Multiple Choice

Which type of enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of proteins?

Explanation:
Proteases are the enzymes that break down proteins by hydrolysing peptide bonds, turning large proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. This direct action on protein molecules is what defines them, making protease enzyme the correct choice. Substrate is simply the molecule an enzyme acts on, not a type of enzyme. Anabolic reactions describe building up larger molecules, not a specific enzyme that breaks down proteins. Immobilised enzymes refer to enzymes attached to a surface for reuse, which is a usage method rather than a distinct type of enzyme that catalyses protein breakdown.

Proteases are the enzymes that break down proteins by hydrolysing peptide bonds, turning large proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. This direct action on protein molecules is what defines them, making protease enzyme the correct choice. Substrate is simply the molecule an enzyme acts on, not a type of enzyme. Anabolic reactions describe building up larger molecules, not a specific enzyme that breaks down proteins. Immobilised enzymes refer to enzymes attached to a surface for reuse, which is a usage method rather than a distinct type of enzyme that catalyses protein breakdown.

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