The uptake of external DNA by a cell is known as which process?

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Multiple Choice

The uptake of external DNA by a cell is known as which process?

Explanation:
External DNA uptake by a cell is called transformation. In this process, a cell becomes competent and takes up naked DNA from its surroundings, then may integrate it into its genome or carry it on a plasmid. This can introduce new genetic traits, such as metabolic capabilities or antibiotic resistance. Transformation is distinct from transduction, which moves DNA via a bacteriophage, and from conjugation, which transfers DNA through direct cell-to-cell contact. Transcription, on the other hand, is the process of synthesizing RNA from DNA within the cell and does not involve acquiring DNA from the outside.

External DNA uptake by a cell is called transformation. In this process, a cell becomes competent and takes up naked DNA from its surroundings, then may integrate it into its genome or carry it on a plasmid. This can introduce new genetic traits, such as metabolic capabilities or antibiotic resistance. Transformation is distinct from transduction, which moves DNA via a bacteriophage, and from conjugation, which transfers DNA through direct cell-to-cell contact. Transcription, on the other hand, is the process of synthesizing RNA from DNA within the cell and does not involve acquiring DNA from the outside.

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