Plant asexual reproduction

• A. Sexual reproduction
• B. Budding
• C. Gametogenesis
• D. Vegetative propagation

Answer: (D)

A plant can reproduce asexually by producing a new individual from non-sex cells or tissues, so the offspring are genetically identical to the parent. This broad idea is captured by the term vegetative propagation. It includes growth from stems, roots, or leaves, and methods like cuttings, layering, runners, tubers, bulbs, and grafting. Because no fertilization or formation of gametes is involved, there is no sexual reproduction or meiosis.

Sexual reproduction would involve gametes and fertilization, and gametogenesis is the production of those gametes, which shifts away from asexual reproduction. Budding refers to a specific method (often a grafting technique) rather than the whole concept of plant asexual reproduction, so the most accurate overall term here is vegetative propagation.